Read the following publication: Shepard, N. T., & Solomon, D. (2000). Functional operation of the balance system in daily activities. Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, 33(3), 455–469.
1.
Discuss the blood supply to the vestibular end organs.
2.
Describe the embryology of the vestibular system.
3.
Discuss the efferent and afferent innervation to the vestibular end organs.
4.
Describe the fluids within the vestibular end organs.
5.
Name the five vestibular end organs and their stimuli.
6.
How are receptor cells in the semicircular canals, utricle and saccule stimulated? Functional significance of the two types of hair cells?
7.
Describe ampullpedal and ampullofugal flow and how the concept can be utilized to assess etiology of vertigo.
8.
What are Ewald’s laws?
9.
What is the pathway for the vestibular-ocular reflex?
10.
What is a vestibulospinal reflex?
11.
How do the vestibular reflexes adapt to changes in the sensory environment or to lesions within their anatomic pathways.
12.
Doc, why do I get motion sickness?